The derivation of the scattering force and the gradient force on a spherical particle due to an electromagnetic wave often invokes the Clausius–Mossotti factor, based on an ad hoc physical model. In this article, we derive the expressions including the Clausius–Mossotti factor directly from the fundamental equations of classical electromagnetism. Starting from an analytic expression … Continue reading Scattering and Gradient Forces from the Electromagnetic Stress Tensor Acting on a Dielectric Sphere